Functionally Graded NiTi Alloys

Webinar 13

SPEAKER I

Mohammad Elahinia (University of Toledo, USA)

Functionally Graded NiTi Alloys: From Simulation-Driven Design to Experimental Validation for Elastocaloric and Biomedical Applications

 

Abstract: Functionally graded NiTi shape memory alloys (SMAs) offer exceptional potential for adaptive and multifunctional applications, yet their realization remains challenging due to complex processing–property relationships. This presentation introduces a simulation-driven design framework integrated with experimental validation to develop graded NiTi structures via laser powder bed fusion. By systematically linking process parameters to compositional gradients, phase transformation behavior, and grain morphology, we predict and tailor superelastic response across functionally graded regions. Key findings demonstrate that controlled grading significantly enhances recoverable strain and mechanical reliability compared to uniform NiTi counterparts. Experimental characterization, including DSC, XRD, and compression test results, confirms simulation predictions, validating the approach for manufacturing near-net-shape, high-performance SMA components. This work establishes a new paradigm for designing additively manufactured, functionally graded SMAs with unprecedented control over local functional properties, paving the way for next-generation adaptive systems in biomedical and elastocaloric applications.

 

Related publications:

  • Nematollahi, M., Safaei, K., Bayati, P., & Elahinia, M., Functionally graded NiTi shape memory alloy: Selective laser melting fabrication and multi-scale characterization, Materials Letters, Volume 292, 2021, 129648.
  • Mohajerani, S., Vanaei, S., Tušek, J., & Elahinia, M., Enhancing elastocaloric regenerative performance using functionally graded structures: a model-based efficiency evaluation, Modelling and Simulation in Materials Science and Engineering, Vol. 34, No. 2, 2026, 025009. https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-651X/ae481c

SPEAKER II

João Pedro Oliveira (Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Portugal)

Arc-based additive manufacturing of shape memory alloys

 

Abstract: This presentation will explore some recent advances arc-based additive manufacturing, also known as wire and arc additive manufacturing, of different types of shape memory alloys (NiTi-, CuAlMn-and Fe-based systems).

Correlation between processing conditions, microstructure, mechanical and functional behaviour will be detailed. The potential for high deposition additive manufacturing routes for fabrication of high performance shape memory alloys will be showcased.

Related publications:

  • Igor O. Felice, Jiajia Shen, Douglas M. Serrati, Toshihiro Omori, Norbert Schell, Telmo G. Santos, J. P. Oliveira *, “Arc-based additive manufacturing of Cu-Al-Mn shape memory alloys: microstructure, tensile behavior and superelastic properties”, Materials Science and Engineering: A, 957, 149923, 2026. DOI: 1016/j.msea.2026.149923
  • Igor O. Felice, Jiajia Shen, André F.C. Barragan, Isaque A.B. Moura, Binqiang Li, Binbin Wang, Hesamodin Khodaverdi, Maryam Mohri, Norbert Schell, Elyas Ghafoori, Telmo G. Santos, P. Oliveira *, “Wire and arc additive manufacturing of Fe-based shape memory alloys: Microstructure, mechanical and functional behavior”, Materials & Design, 213, 112004, 2023. DOI: 10.1016/j.matdes.2023.112004